Semantic Coherence: Input | Output (IOG) – Signal Evidence & AI Readability

ExperienceThe Koi community pond
[H2] Cascadingdisruption
Input Output is the world's leading blockchain research and engineering companyVenture StudioVenture StudioVenture StudioResearchResearchResearchAbout Input OutputAbout Input OutputAbout Input Output
[H2] Engineered for real-life application
01Foundational wisdom02Innovation catalyst03Human empowerment04Transparent integrity
[H2] Turning ideas into lasting ventures
The Venture Studio supports founders at every stage, from idea to spinout, with research, governance, incentives, and systems design. Whether you are building new infrastructure, an application, or a service, our goal is to help you launch with clarity, discipline, and long-term viability.01Scientific integrity02Modular Launchpad infrastructure03Cybernetic intelligenceLearn about Venture StudioLearn about Venture StudioLearn about Venture StudioLearn about Venture StudioLearn about Venture StudioLearn about Venture Studio
[H2] Ecosystems
Our ventures are not isolated products. Each is part of a cohesive ecosystem, connected through shared infrastructure, research, and governance. Together, they form the building blocks of a decentralized future.
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[H3] Cardano
Research-backed layer 1 blockchainCardano
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[H3] Midnight
Fourth-generation privacy blockchainMidnight
[H2] Products
Input Output provides the science-first platforms and tooling – from robust wallets to advanced programming languages – that enable teams to successfully build and scale for the future.
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[H3] Lace
Light wallet platformLace
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[H3] Pogun
Bitcoin-Cardano bridgeBitcoin DeFi
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[H3] RealFi
Finance platform (DeFi)RealFi
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[H3] Catalyst
Project voting & fundingCatalyst
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[H3] Identus
Decentralized identityIdentus
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[H3] Djed
StablecoinDjed
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[H3] Blockfrost
Cardano API platformBlockfrost
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[H3] Quantum Hosky
4D gamescape/partner chainQuantum Hosky
[H2] A new blueprint for Web3
The greatest challenge isn’t only technical design, it’s architecting human coordination at scale. We are rebuilding the fundamental systems of human collaboration, economics, and value creation from first principles.Tamara Haasen, PresidentWhere others see broken systems, we see opportunity.We are rethinking how the world connects, transacts, and collaborates. Built on strong science and rigorous engineering, we create technologies that restore trust, and design systems meant to last.Our missionOur missionOur mission
[H2] Research
Input Output Research is our dedicated R&D division, pioneering foundational and applied research in cryptography, distributed systems, and formal methods. For more than a decade, our scientists and collaborators have pushed the boundaries of cryptography, consensus, and decentralized governance.Research and innovationInput Output is rooted in academic rigor and peer-reviewed research.About IORAbout IORAbout IORResearch papersRead the latest work shaping the future of blockchain, artificial intelligence, and other frontier technologies.Learn moreLearn moreLearn moreResearch videosExplore ideas in motion through talks, lectures, and interviews.Watch nowWatch nowWatch now
[H2] Featured research
MoreMoreMore
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[H3] Adaptively Secure Fast Settlement with Dynamic Participation and Self-Healing
May 2026 — Christian Badertscher, Sandro Coretti, Peter Gaži, Prof Aggelos Kiayias, Prof Alexander RussellTo appear in: SCN '26#settlement
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[H3] Grassroots Federation: Fair Democratic Governance at Scale
May 2026 — Nimrod Talmon, Ehud ShapiroTo appear in: AAMAS '26#governance#social-choice#sortition
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[H3] Peregrine: a middle-end for code generation from proof assistants
May 2026 — Eske Hoy Nielsen, Simon Dima, Lucas Escot, Orestis Melkonian, Hugo Segoufin-Cholet, James Chapman, Yannick Forster, Matthieu Sozeau, Bas SpittersTypes '26#agda#formalmethods
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[H3] UC4Free! Existing Threshold Signatures are UC Secure
May 2026 — Jan Bobolz, Elizabeth Crites, Markulf Kohlweiss, Akira TakahashiEurocrypt '26#cryptography#threshold signatures#universal compositionAt Input Output, we don't just support ventures. We open doors. Charles Hoskinson
[H2] 600+ people50+ countries
At Input Output, we are united by curiosity and purpose. Wherever we are, we collaborate to build systems that empower individuals and strengthen communities worldwide.Work with usWork with usWork with us
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[H2] News and events
MoreMoreMore05.20.2026Why Pogun's Bitcoin DeFi architecture is achievableBlog Post - Torben Poguntke05.19.2026Cardano maintenance: what we’re asking DReps to fundBlog Post - Michael Karg05.18.2026Enhancing Plutus: making Cardano smart contracts cheaper, safer, and easier to buildBlog Post - Ziyang Liu05.18.2026Developer experience initiative: a six-month sprint to make Cardano easier to build onBlog Post - Robertino Martinez05.15.2026Cardano High Assurance: formal verification, available to every developerBlog Post - Stefano Leone, Romain Soulat05.15.2026Three Cardano capabilities, one delivery plan: what the Cardano upgrades proposal enablesBlog Post - Michael Smolenski

[H1] Where science meets purpose
FiltersFilters
[H3] Categories
Blog Post467Press Releases18Events10Research Video10Thought Leadership7
[H3] Topics
Blockchain36Proof Of Stake26Smartcontract24Game Theory20Cryptocurrency17Proof Of Work14Universal Composition13Bitcoin12Cryptography12Plutus11
[H3] Authors
Prof Aggelos Kiayias104Olga Hryniuk48Tim Harrison32Fernando Sanchez31Mario Larangeira30Prof Alexander Russell28Charles Hoskinson25Markulf Kohlweiss24Prof Roman Oliynykov23Peter Gaži22
[H2] Featured
MoreMore
[H3] Leios 24/7 development tracker launches
November 26 2025
[H3] Always secure and safer than ever, thanks to next-level smart contract verification on Cardano
October 14 2025
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[H3] Tokyo Diaries: Where it all began
October 08 2025
[H2] Latest
MoreMore
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[H3] Why Pogun's Bitcoin DeFi architecture is achievable
May 20 2026 — Torben Poguntke
[IMG: Banner image for the Cardano Maintenance blog]
[H3] Cardano maintenance: what we’re asking DReps to fund
May 19 2026 — Michael Karg
[IMG: Banner image for the Enhancing Plutus blog]
[H3] Enhancing Plutus: making Cardano smart contracts cheaper, safer, and easier to build
May 18 2026 — Ziyang Liu
[IMG: Banner image for the blog on the Cardano Developer Experience initiative]
[H3] Developer experience initiative: a six-month sprint to make Cardano easier to build on
May 18 2026 — Robertino Martinez
[IMG: Banner image for the Cardano High Assurance proposal blog]
[H3] Cardano High Assurance: formal verification, available to every developer
May 15 2026 — Stefano Leone, Romain Soulat
[IMG: Banner image for the Cardano Upgrades proposal]
[H3] Three Cardano capabilities, one delivery plan: what the Cardano upgrades proposal enables
May 15 2026 — Michael Smolenski
[H2] Research
MoreMore
[IMG: Research placeholder]
[H3] Adaptively Secure Fast Settlement with Dynamic Participation and Self-Healing
May 2026 — Christian Badertscher, Sandro Coretti, Peter Gaži, Prof Aggelos Kiayias, Prof Alexander RussellTo appear in: SCN '26#settlement
[IMG: Research placeholder]
[H3] Grassroots Federation: Fair Democratic Governance at Scale
May 2026 — Nimrod Talmon, Ehud ShapiroTo appear in: AAMAS '26#governance#social-choice#sortition
[IMG: Research placeholder]
[H3] Peregrine: a middle-end for code generation from proof assistants
May 2026 — Eske Hoy Nielsen, Simon Dima, Lucas Escot, Orestis Melkonian, Hugo Segoufin-Cholet, James Chapman, Yannick Forster, Matthieu Sozeau, Bas SpittersTypes '26#agda#formalmethods
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[H3] UC4Free! Existing Threshold Signatures are UC Secure
May 2026 — Jan Bobolz, Elizabeth Crites, Markulf Kohlweiss, Akira TakahashiEurocrypt '26#cryptography#threshold signatures#universal composition
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[H3] Incentivizing Geographic Diversity for Decentralized Systems
March 2026 — Marc Roeschlin, Evangelos Markakis, Raghav Bhaskar, Prof Aggelos KiayiasFinancial Cryptography 2026#game-theory#incentives
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[H3] On Sybil-proofness in Restaking Networks
March 2026 — Tarun Chitra, Paolo Penna, Manvir SchneiderDeFi '26#game-theory#sybilproofness
[H2] In the news
ffnewsInput | Output (IO) Joins Blockchain for Europe to Advance Cross-Sector Collaboration in DeFi Policy DevelopmentAugust 21 2025Input | Output (IO) Joins Blockchain for Europe to Advance Cross-Sector Collaboration in DeFi Policy DevelopmentHackernoonWhy Hydra Is the Most Practical Scaling Solution in Web3August 07 2025Why Hydra Is the Most Practical Scaling Solution in Web3BeInCrypoQ&A with Charles HoskinsonAugust 06 2025Q&A with Charles HoskinsonCryptoNoticiasCardano lanzará capacitaciones para desarrolladores en ArgentinaJuly 10 2025Cardano lanzará capacitaciones para desarrolladores en ArgentinaBreaking Banks EuropeSpecial Episode: Money2020 Europe 2025 – Take Over.. Charles's interview kicks in at 25.48 minutesJune 09 2025Special Episode: Money2020 Europe 2025 – Take Over.. Charles's interview kicks in at 25.48 minutesCoinDeskBitcoin Ordinals Can Now Be Bridged to Cardano Through BitVMXMay 28 2025Bitcoin Ordinals Can Now Be Bridged to Cardano Through BitVMXBlockleadersSpotlight on Midnight: Charles Hoskinson Leads the Call for Rational Privacy in Web3May 18 2025Spotlight on Midnight: Charles Hoskinson Leads the Call for Rational Privacy in Web3Le MondeAt Paris Blockchain Week, the crypto-asset sector unites behind Donald TrumpApril 09 2025At Paris Blockchain Week, the crypto-asset sector unites behind Donald Trumparticle512research-paper281

[H1] We're on a mission
Where others see broken systems, we see opportunity. Input Output Group is a venture studio and systems company rethinking how the world connects, transacts, and collaborates. Built on strong science and rigorous engineering, we create technologies that restore trust and design systems meant to last.Our storyOur storyOur storyOur guiding principlesOur guiding principlesOur guiding principlesOur impactOur impactOur impactBuilding our future... together
[H2] Our story
From the beginning, we set out to be more than a technology company. We chose to grow with purpose, building deliberately and with integrity.Founded in 2015 by Charles Hoskinson, Input Output Group is a world-leading blockchain infrastructure and research engineering firm dedicated to building a sustainable Web3 ecosystem. We are committed to advancing the next generation of blockchain innovation, focusing on scalability, security and real-world adoption through pioneering research and cutting-edge engineering. From Cardano, the first blockchain rooted in peer-reviewed science, to Midnight, a fourth-generation blockchain rooted in programmable privacy. Our work reflects one guiding belief, technology should serve people, not the other way around.
[H2] Our guiding principles
01
[H3] Foundational wisdom
02
[H3] Innovation catalyst
03
[H3] Human empowerment
04
[H3] Transparent integrity
[H3] 01 Foundational wisdom
[H3] 02 Innovation catalyst
[H3] 03 Human empowerment
[H3] 04 Transparent integrity
Everything we do is rooted in wisdom. We think from first principles, and believe that fundamental values should be woven into the fabric of the systems we create.We’re building for something larger than ourselves. We are thinkers and inventors reimagining the way systems work from the ground up—an ecosystem of minds intentionally shaping systems that serve people, preserve freedom, and empower everyone to dream and create.People are never an afterthought, but rather, the very reason for why we exist. We don’t just build code; we architect solutions that always consider the human impact. Our work is driven by a fundamental belief in the power and potential of individuals.Building towards a decentralized tomorrow starts with how we create things: with a deeply-rooted promise of honesty and reliability.Featured in
[H2] IOG's impact
[H4] 2015
[H3] Company establishment
From 2015 to 2020, IOG was devoted to research, producing over 250 peer-reviewed papers, including the groundbreaking Ouroboros series.
[H4] 2017
[H3] Cardano — 2017 onwards
Since launching its mainnet in 2017, Cardano has evolved through the Byron, Shelley, Goguen, and Basho phases – building from foundation to decentralization, smart contracts and scaling. With Voltaire, the network has entered an era of decentralized governance driven by its community.
[H4] 2023
[H3] Venture Studio formation
The company evolves into a Venture Studio, incubating Portfolio 0: Midnight, Lace, Catalyst, Blockfrost, RealFi and Partner chains.
[H4] 2025
[H3] Midnight launches mainnet
Midnight is our fourth-generation blockchain: a zero-knowledge layer 1 designed to protect what matters most – data.The journey has only just begun. We will continue to invest in research, launch new ventures, and nurture ecosystems. We will keep building not because it is easy, but because the stakes could not be higher. Charles Hoskinson
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[H2] 600+ people50+ countries
At Input Output, we are united by curiosity and purpose. Wherever we are, we collaborate to build systems that empower individuals and strengthen communities worldwide.Work with usWork with usWork with us
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[H1] Venture Studio
The Venture Studio is a legacy engine helping entrepreneurs and innovators turn pioneering scientific concepts into thriving, scalable ventures.The LaunchpadThe LaunchpadThe LaunchpadThe Venture lifecycleThe Venture lifecycleThe Venture lifecycle
[H2] Turning ideas into lasting ventures
The Input Output Venture Studio supports founders through every stage – from idea to world-changing spin-out – providing research, governance, incentives, and systems design expertise. Whether developing new infrastructure, applications, or services, our goal is to help you launch with clarity, discipline, and a sustainable foundation.01Scientific excellence02Modular Launchpad infrastructure03Cybernetic intelligence
[H2] The Input Output Launchpad
The Launchpad is a modular system designed to help your venture build, launch, and scale with speed and confidence. As a turn-key execution engine, it provides the specialized personnel, products, tools, and services needed for every stage of the journey.Whether you are creating a digital ID system, launching a new token, or building a financial product on-chain, the Launchpad's proven infrastructure is your solid foundation and trusted partner for all stages of your venture.Input Output has created the infrastructure that supports and accelerates the next generation of builders, cultivating the human capital and organizational frameworks that will enable tomorrow’s innovators to succeed where previous generations have struggled. Tamara Haasen, President, Input Output Group
[H2] The Venture lifecycle
01
[H3] Vision
02
[H3] Intake
03
[H3] Idea Co
04
[H3] Proto Co
05
[H3] Launch Co
06
[H3] Mature Co
[H3] 01 Vision
[H3] 02 Intake
[H3] 03 Idea Co
[H3] 04 Proto Co
[H3] 05 Launch Co
[H3] 06 Mature Co
We explore big ideas and figure out where to focus, while providing everything from research support and strategic guidance to tools for early exploration.We collect and filter ideas from across the Input Output Group ecosystem. Support includes standardized submission portal, sorting and routing protocols, and early due diligence.We test if the idea is useful, regulatory-compliant, and worth building. Support includes feasibility testing, technical simulations, and rapid prototyping.We build a first version and define how the venture will work. Support includes minimum viable product design, legal entity setup, initial staffing, go-to-market planning, and token/incentive modeling.We launch the venture into the real world. Support includes marketing, onboarding flows, validator deployment, token operations, and launch coordination.The venture becomes independent and scalable. Support includes help with capital raising, board setup, investor readiness, and company formation in the optimal jurisdiction.
[H2] Our ecosystems
All our ventures form a cohesive ecosystem connected through shared infrastructure, research and governance. Together they are the building blocks of a decentralized future.
[H3] Cardano ecosystem
Cardano is a blockchain platform for changemakers. Engineered through peer-reviewed research and sustained by one of the most committed global communities. Cardano remains the proving ground where decentralized governance and scalable infrastructure coalesce into real-world adoption.
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Explore CardanoExplore CardanoExplore Cardano
[H3] Midnight ecosystem
Midnight is bringing rational privacy to blockchain. It is Input Output Group's fourth-generation blockchain, a zero-knowledge Layer 1 designed to protect what matters most – data. Midnight introduces programmable privacy, a rational model where openness and confidentiality coexist. It balances a public state for transparency with a private state for selective disclosure, empowering developers, institutions, and individuals to decide what to reveal, what to protect, and how to remain compliant.
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Explore MidnightExplore MidnightExplore Midnight
[H2] Why we stand out
Research-driven strategyFull-spectrum LaunchpadIntegrity-driven executionTransparentData sovereigntyPeer-reviewed researchOpen-source commitmentEthics-led decision-makingResearch-driven strategyFull-spectrum LaunchpadIntegrity-driven executionTransparentData sovereigntyPeer-reviewed researchOpen-source commitmentEthics-led decision-making